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CCNA - Cisco Certified Network Associate

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Free CCNA Questions

Free Networking Materials

Free Computer Tips

01         02         03         04         05  CABLING BASICS FOR NETWORK ADMIN CHANGE THE NAME OF RECYCLE BIN
06         07         08         09         10   QUICK PREPARATION FOR CCNA [PART I] PERMANENTLY DELETE FILES
11         12         13         14         15   QUICK PREPARATION FOR CCNA [PART II] QUICK RESTART WINDOWS
16         17         18         19         20  QUICK PREPARATION FOR CCNA [PART III] DUMMY ENTRIES IN ADD/REMOVE PROGRAM
21         22         23         24         25   QUICK PREPARATION FOR CCNA [PART IV] REMOVABLE DISK DRIVE PERFORMANCE
26         27         28         29         30   QUICK PREPARATION FOR CCNA [PART V] STOP AUTOMATIC DIALING


 
 

Q01:
You like to associate an ISDN phone number with the next hop router address. You also like to include hostname of the remote router for authentication. Which command can be used to achieve this?
a) dialer map
b) dialer isdn spid
c) dialerlist
d) ISDN phoneno ipaddress

View Answer | Back

Q02:
Which two physical interfaces does the Point to Point Protocol (PPP) support? (Choose two)
a) synchronous serial
b) asynchronous serial
c) ethernet
d) token ring
e) FDDI

View Answer | Back

Q03:
In what mode are you if the cursor looks like this #?
a) UserEXEC
b) Setup
c) PrivilegedEXEC
d) Global Config

View Answer | Back

Q04:
Which layer of the OSI model is in charge of reliable delivery?
a) Network Layer
b) Transport Layer
c) Physical Layer
d) Data Link Layer

View Answer | Back

Q05:
Which layer of the Cisco Hierarchical Model is concerned with End Stations?
a) Distribution Layer
b) Core Layer
c) Access Layer
d) Network Layer

View Answer | Back

Q06:
The configuration register setting on a router can be used, but is not limited to enable which of the following purposes.
a)
Tell the router to load IOS from ROM
b)
Tell the router to load IOS from TFTP
c)
Recover passwords
d)
Tell the router to prompt user for guided configuration or for CLI mode.
e) All of the above.

View Answer | Back

Q07:
Which of the following WAN protocols defaults on serial links? Choose the correct answer.
a) LAPB
b) PPP
c) LAPD
d) HDLC
e) SDLC

View Answer | Back

Q08:
Choose the correct number of Bearer Channels (B Channels) in an ISDN T1 PRI (Primary Rate Interface).
a) 1
b) 30
c) 2
d) 24
e) 23

View Answer | Back

Q09:
The connection between a pair of DTEs is called which of the following. Choose the correct answer.
a) VC
b) PVC
c) DCE
d) SVC
e) DLCI

View Answer | Back

Q10:
Match the RIP and IGRP routing protocols to their associated metrics. Choose the two correct answers.
a)
RIP - Composite Metric
b)
IGRP - Hop Count
c)
RIPv1 - Hop count
d)
IGRP - Combination of bandwidth, delay, load, and reliability

View Answer | Back

Q11:
How is the bandwidth requirement for EIGRP packets minimized?
a) by propagating only data packets 
b) by propagating only hello packets
c) by propagating only routing table changes and hello packets
d) by propagating the entire routing table only to those routers affected
e) by a topology change

View Answer | Back

Q12:
Which command correctly specifies that network 10.0.0.0 is directly connected to a router that is running EIGRP?
a) Router(config)#network 10.0.0.0
b) Router(config)#router eigrp 10.0.0.0
c) Router(config)#network 10.0.0.0
d) Router(config-router)#router eigrp 10.0.0.0

View Answer | Back

Q13:
Which command displays the amount of time since the router heard from an EIGRP neighbor?
a) show ip eigrp traffic
b) show ip eigrp topology
c) show ip eigrp interfaces
d) show ip eigrp neighbors

View Answer | Back

Q14:
What must be configured for EIGRP to pass the subnet mask with the route?
a) ip classless
b) no auto-summary
c) no summary
d) ip subnet vlsm

View Answer | Back

Q15:
Which command displays whether route filtering has been enabled?
a) show interface
b) show access-list
c) show ip protocols
d) show router-filter

View Answer | Back

Q16:
Which form of authentication does EIGRP support?
a) plaintext
b) simple password
c) md5
d) both a and c

View Answer | Back

Q17:
What does the EIGRP message “neighbor not on common subnet” mean?
a) There are duplicate EIGRP router IDs
b) The two adjacent neighbor interfaces do not have addresses in the same IP network 
c) The MTU sizes on the two adjacent neighbor routers do not match
d) The EIGRP network command was not in the classless format

View Answer | Back

Q18:
The number of data packets a sender is allowed to transmit without having received an acknowledgment is known as a?
a) Bridge
b) Segment
c) Bit
d) Window

View Answer | Back

Q19:
Choose the correct commands to implement RIP version 1 routing, add the network 172.16.3.2 with 16 bits masking. (Routing is turned off on this router.) Choose the three commands that are necessary
a) routing 
b) router rip
c) routing on
d) routing rip
e) router rip 100
f) network 172.16.0.0 255.255.0.0
g) network 172.16.0.0

View Answer | Back

Q20:
Which routing protocol uses the Djikstra Algorithm when calculating its routing table?
a) rip version 1
b) IGRP
c) EIGRP
d) rip version 2
e) OSPF

View Answer | Back

Q21:
There is a problem with the network inside the company BadNetwork, Inc. The company is using RIP routing. Which of the following commands would be useful in verifying operational routing within this organization?
a) router rip 100
b) show ip protocols
c) debug ip route
d) show ip routes
 
e) debug ip protocols
f) show ip route
g) debug ip rip

View Answer | Back

Q22:
You are called in by a small business needing connectivity between four VLANs setup for segmentation purposes by a contracted network administrator which they can no longer contact. Choose the necessary steps that will need to be performed to enable routing between these VLANs.
a) Create sub-interfaces for each vlan
b) Subinterfaces are not necessary for interVLAN routing
c) Specify the encapsulation type
d) Make sure a crossover cable is used
e) Specify VLAN ID

View Answer | Back

Q23:
What happens when collisions are heavy in a CSMA/CD (Carrier Sense Multiple Access – Collusion Detection) LANs? (Choose three)
a) Multicasting
b) Congestion
c) Loss of Wire Speed
d) Delay
e) Low Throughpur

View Answer | Back

Q24:
Given the network of 200.200.200.0 with a subnet mask of 255.255.255.240 identify the valid host addresses? Choose three
a) 200.200.200.35
b) 200.200.200.64
c) 200.200.200.208
d) 200.200.200.112
e) 200.200.200.126
f) 200.200.200.165
g) 200.200.200.192

View Answer | Back

Q25:
The network 172.16.0.0 needs to be broken in to subnets with a capacity of 1000 IP addresses. What could be the correct subnet mask, so that number of subnets is kept to minimum?
a) 255.255.252.0
 
b) 255.255.255.128
c) 255.255.254.0
d) 255.255.248.0
e) 255.255.192.0

View Answer | Back

Q26:
You are the network administrator for your network. You find that your system is unable to connect to a web server with IP address 65.10.10.10/24.

Your system IP is 10.10.10.5/24
Your default gateway is 10.10.10.1/24

You then conduct the following test

1. Ping 127.0.0.1 - Successful
2. Ping 10.10.10.5 - Successful
3. Ping 10.10.10.1 - Successful
4. Ping 65.10.101.10 - Unsuccessful

What could be the problem, based on the above result?
a) Local NIC Problem 
b) Problem with the local physical layer
c) TCP/IP is not correctly installed
d) Problem with the remote physical layer 

View Answer | Back

Q27:
How many valid host IP addresses are available on the following network / sub network 172.16.100.16/30?
a) 2
b) 6
c) 14
d) 30
e) 62
f) 254

View Answer | Back

Q28:
Which of the following are the sub layers of Datalink Layer? (Choose two answers)
a) TCP
b) UDP
c) MAC
d) LLC
e) IP
f) SQL

View Answer | Back

Q29:
What are the two types of IP access lists that can be configured on a Cisco router? (Choose two answers)
a) Inbound Access lists
b) Outbound Access lists
c) Standard Access lists
d) Extended Access lists
e) MAC address access list

View Answer | Back

Q30:
Which of the pairing of a port number with an application is correct? (Choose all that apply)
a) SMTP-110
b) DNS-53
c) TFTP-69
d) POP3-25
e) Telnet-21
f) SNMP-161
g) NNTP-119

View Answer | Back

 

Answer No. 30          BCEFG Back
Answer No. 29        CD Back
Answer No. 28       CD Back
Answer No. 27        A Back
Answer No. 26      D Back
Answer No. 25          A

Back

Answer No. 24       AEF Back
Answer No. 23      BDE Back
Answer No. 22        ACE Back
Answer No. 21      BFG Back
Answer No. 20     E

Back

Answer No. 19       ABG Back
Answer No. 18     D Back
Answer No. 17        B Back
Answer No. 16      C Back
Answer No. 15          C Back
Answer No. 14        B Back
Answer No. 13       D Back
Answer No. 12        C Back
Answer No. 11      C Back
Answer No. 10          CD

Back

Answer No. 09       A Back
Answer No. 08      E Back
Answer No. 07        D Back
Answer No. 06      E Back
Answer No. 05     C

Back

Answer No. 04       B Back
Answer No. 03     C Back
Answer No. 02        AB Back
Answer No. 01      A Back
 

CABLING BASICS FOR NETWORK ADMINISTRATORS:
Your cable works at layer 1 — Physical of the OSI Model. Also at that layer are the 1’s and 0’s that traverse the cable as an electrical or light signal (depending on what type of cabling you are using).
Unshielded twisted pair (UTP) copper cable is used for many functions in network cabling: Ethernet, Serial, ISDN, Console, and more.
While you could put different ends on a UTP cable, typically it will have a RJ45 end with 8 pins.
With a normal Ethernet cable, the wires run straight through, from one end to the other. Straight-through cables are used to connect for different type of devices for example PC to a switch.
With a crossover cable, the source and destination of the UTP wires are crossed. This allows you to use it to connect the same type of devices, for example PC to PC, switch to switch, or router to router
.
Now, how is cabling for Cisco routers and switches different?

Cisco Console And AUX Port Cabling:

There are a few differences between Cisco cabling and other network device cabling. Two things immediately come to mind:

  • Cisco routers, switches, and firewalls use a special “rolled” cable for console and auxiliary port access.
  • Cisco offers intelligent serial cabling.

One of the most confusing things to Cisco newcomers is the concept of the console cable. Other SMB and home-networking devices don’t usually have a console port. With those devices, they receive a DHCP IP address and then you can configure them over the network from there. With Cisco devices, there is no IP address on the device, and you must first use the console port and console cable to configure the router, switch, or firewall OOB (out of band).

The Cisco console cable is a special cable. It isn’t wired like an Ethernet cable. However, if you didn’t have a console cable, you could cut off the end of a straight-through Ethernet cable, change the pin out, and recrimp it to make it a console cable.

Below, you can see the pin out of a console cable. The console cable is a “rolled” cable, because if you look at the pins from one end to the other, it is as if the end was rolled over (the order is flipped).

Traditionally Cisco console cables were RJ45-RJ45 and then you would use a RJ45-DB9 adaptor to connect it to your PC’s serial port (COM port). Today, new Cisco devices come with console cables that have a DB9 adaptor integrated/molded to the cable on one end. Keep in mind that the data moving across the console cable is serial data (not Ethernet).

Courtesy of David Davis from CNET Networks, Inc

Back

QUICK PREPARATION FOR CCNA [Part I]

  • The proper order of the layers of the OSI model from the bottom up are Physical, Data Link, Network, Transport, Session, Presentation, Application. A good way to remember this is to use the saying Please Do Not Throw Sausage Pizza Away.
  • The Physical layer is responsible for the hardware including Cables, Hubs, Repeaters and Network cards. It is also responsible for putting bits and bytes onto the wire.
    The Data Link Layer is responsible for Physical Addressing (MAC address). CRC (Cyclic Redundancy check) is added at this layer. Bridging and Switching happen at the Data Link Layer.
    The Network layer determines best route, Logical Addressing (IP address, AppleTalk Address). End to End delivery of packets for both IP and IPX. Routers work at this layer. The network layer determines the path to the destination and puts the destination network address onto the packet.
    The Transport layer is responsible for making sure packets are delivered error free as well as handling flow control.
    The Application Layer establishes availability of the intended communication partner and synchronizes sending and receiving. Telnet, SMTP, FTP, HTTP work at the Application Layer. It is the actual application that you see on your screen. It establishes availability of the intended communication partner. Resource Availability. Synchronize sending and receiving. Telnet, SMTP, FTP, WWW are examples of Application Layer.
  • Class A addresses range from 1-127
    Class B addresses range from 128-191
    Class C addresses range from 192-223
    Class D addresses range from 224-239
    Class E addresses range from 239-255
  • 127.0.0.1 is reserved for the loopback address. This address is used to verify that IP is properly bound to your network card. You can test your IP configuration by running the command Ping 127.0.0.1
  • 100BaseFX Ethernet has a maximum cable length of 400 meters. 100BaseT, 100BaseTX and 100BaseT4 all have a maximum cable distance of 100 meters.
  • Category 1 cable is used for regular analog phone lines and is not used for data communications.
    Category 2 cable supports speeds up to 4 megabits per second.
    Category 3 cable supports speeds up to 16 megabits per second.
    Category 4 cable supports speeds up to 20 megabits per second.
    Category 5 cable supports speeds up to 100 megabits per second.
  • A BNC (British Naval Connector) is used in a 10Base2 connector.
  • RJ11 is the standard cable used for modem connections. (Stands for Register Jack)
  • RJ45 is used for Ethernet and Token Ring and is the connector that you are most likely to work with.
  • DB-15 is used on 10Base5 Ethernet networks (Joysticks and MIDI connections use DB-15 as well).
  • A MAC address (Media Access Control) is a 48-bit number. It is written in Hexadecimal for ease of human administrators but the computer converts it to binary. For example; 00 45 6E D2 8B DE
  • Every device on an Ethernet Network is identified by a MAC (Media Access Control) address. The MAC address is also known as the physical address.
  • Running the command IPCONFIG /ALL from the command prompt of a Windows NT system or using the WINIPCFG utility on a Windows 9.x system will show your IP information including IP addresses, MAC addresses and several other pieces of IP related info. Most NIC cards will come with diagnostic utilities that you can use to test the card, check or set resources and obtain the MAC address.
  • Bridges work at the Data-Link layer of the OSI model and filter traffic based on the MAC address.
  • Routers work at the Network layer of the OSI model and filter traffic based on the IP address. Routers are very intelligent and can use different algorithms to determine the best path between 2 nodes.
  • UPS (Uninterruptible Power Supply) is designed to protect a system from power spikes as well as give a system enough power to do a clean shutdown in the event of a power failure.
  • RAID (Redundant Array of Inexpensive Disks) is designed to provide data redundancy to protect from a disk failure.
  • Windows NT and Windows 2000 have Software RAID built into the Operating System.
  • Disk Mirroring and Disk Duplexing are RAID 1. Disk Mirroring writes all data to two hard drives in sync, if one fails then you can swap. Disk Duplexing is the same as mirroring but there are two controllers so you can lose one controller and still run. Disk Striping is RAID 0. Disk striping divides data into 64K blocks and distributes evenly among all disks in an array. Provides no redundancy or fault tolerance. Disk Striping with Parity is RAID 5. Disk Striping with Parity supports three to 32 hard drives. You must allocate same amount of space on each hard drive. Divides data into 64K blocks and writes parity info evenly among all disks in an array. If one disk fails, enough parity info is written across other disks to recreate it. Parity stripe block is used to reconstruct data. If more than one disk fails, all data is lost.
  • Token Ring networks are able to run at 4, 16 or 100 megabits per second.

Back

QUICK PREPARATION FOR CCNA [Part II]

  • Interrupt Relay Request (IRQ) is a signal from a piece of hardware letting the CPU know that it has a request that needs to be processed. 
  • COM1 and COM3 use IRQ 4 by default. COM2 and COM4 use IRQ3 by default (Even numbered COM ports use odd IRQ, Odd numbered COM ports use even IRQ). IRQ 5 is slated for a second parallel port but is basically available as you will seldom see a second parallel port. Sound cards usually pick up IRQ5. IRQ 7 is reserved for the Parallel port.
  • A floppy drive uses IRQ 6 by default.
  • IRQ 8 is reserved for the Real-time clock. 
  • IRQ 10 is generally open for use and will be taken by the plug and play Network card. 
  • A DHCP (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol) server is used to dynamically assign IP addresses to clients.
  • WINS (Windows Internet Naming Service) is used to resolve IP addresses to NetBIOS names.
  • DNS (Domain Naming Service) is used to resolve IP addresses to fully qualified host names.
  • RAS (Remote Access Service) is used to allow remote clients to access the network.
  • SCSI (Small Computer System Interface) is a technology used to connect storage devices to PC's.
  • PING is used to send packets to an IP address, hostname or NetBIOS machine name to test TCP/IP connectivity.
  • Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) is more reliable than User Datagram Protocol (UDP) as it is connection-oriented. TCP verifies that all data was received before the connection is closed. TCP has greater overhead than UDP due to this process of insuring guaranteed data delivery. UDP is connectionless, it sends the data and closes the connection without waiting for verification of delivery.
  • Post Office Protocol v.3 (POP3) uses port 110 by default. POP3 is used to transfer E-mail from a server to a client. Port 21 is used for File Transfer Protocol (FTP). Port 25 is used for Simple Mail Transfer Protocol (SMTP). Port 80 is used for Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP).
  • File Transfer Protocol (FTP) can be used to transfer files between Operating Systems as it is a standard TCP/IP protocol.
  • Telnet allows users to connect to hosts remotely and run text based commands.
  • Tracert sends a packet to your destination and reports back each stop it makes along the way. (each stop is known as a hop). Tracert is useful to find out where your packets are dropping if they aren't getting to their destination.
  • Trivial File Transfer Protocol (TFTP) is used to transfer files between servers and clients. Post Office Protocol version 3 (POP3) is used by E-mail clients to download mail from a server.
  • CSMA/CD (Carrier Sense, Multiple Access/Collision Detection) issued by Ethernet Networks. Carrier Sense means that the machine listens to the wire and sends packets if it does not hear any traffic. Multiple Access means that all computers have equal rights to the wire and will send their packets as soon as they decide that the line is quiet. Collision Detection means that the computer will hear a collision on the line and stop transmitting for a random amount of time. The random amount of time will help the systems from transmitting at the same time again. 
  • Simple Mail Transfer Protocol (SMTP) is used to handle outgoing E-mail communication (You can remember that it is used for outgoing mail by remembering Send Mail To People).
  • Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP) is used to allow Network Management Applications to monitor devices remotely.

Back

QUICK PREPARATION FOR CCNA [Part III]
 

  • Address Resolution Protocol (ARP) is used to determine the Media Access Control (MAC) address when the IP address is known. ARP is used by computers to communicate with each other as computers communicate by MAC address.
  • Netstat allows you to view open TCP/IP connections including port numbers. This can be useful if you are having trouble connecting to a machine on a specific port.
  • NBTstat is used to view open NetBIOS sessions. NBTstat will show you which names were resolved using WINS or by broadcast. 
  • Share level security is better suited for small network with only a few users. Larger networks require the structure of user-level security. User level security gives the administrator more control over resources.
  • Netware 4.x and Netware 5.x use NDS (Novell Directory Services) as their centralized security database. Netware 3.x uses a local security database on each server called the bindery. Netware 3.x required a separate user account for each server.
  • Netware 4.x and Netware 5.x can use TCP/IP as their networking protocol. Netware 5.x can run solely TCP/IP while Netware 4.x requires IPX/SPX to run in conjunction with TCP/IP. Netware 3.x is only capable of using IPX/SPX.
  • TCP/IP is the standard routable protocol used on the Internet. TCP/IP is the common protocol used by modern Microsoft, UNIX and Netware networks. IPX/SPX is used mainly in Netware networks and is a routable protocol.
  • WINS (Windows Internet Naming Service) and LMhosts files are used to resolve Windows NetBIOS names to IP addresses. WINS is dynamic while an LMhosts file is a static method.
  • A RAS (Remote Access Service) server is used to allow remote clients to access the network.
  • A DHCP (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol) server is used to dynamically assign IP addresses to clients.
  • V standard modems can modulate at speeds:
    V.22      - 1200 BPS
    V.22bis  - 2400 BPS
    V.32      - 9600 BPS
    V.32bis  - 14400 BPS
    V.34      - 28000 BPS
    V.90      - 57600 BPS
  • A UART chip is an electronic circuit that transmits and receives data through the serial port.  A 16550 UART is needed for a modem of 28.8 Kbps or faster.  The 16550 has a 16 byte buffer to process data as opposed to the older 8250 and 16450 UART chips that only had a single byte buffer.
  • Advanced Configuration and Power Interface (ACPI) is used to allow the Operating Systems to control the systems power to do things like suspend or hibernate the hard drives.
  • Direct Memory Access (DMA) channels are used by hardware to talk directly to RAM without the use of the CPU.
  • A memory address is a tiny little space of RAM that is reserved for a particular piece of hardware.
  • Integrated Services Digital Network (ISDN) uses the same lines as the Public Switched Telephone Network (PSTN) but transfers a completely digital signal to obtain higher speeds.  ISDN requires special equipment that is more expensive than regular modems and the service is more expensive as well.
  • A Differential backup will backup all files that have the archive bit turned on and will leave the archive bit on. A copy backup will backup all files that are selected regardless of whether the archive bit is on or off and the archive bits will be left unchanged.  
    A normal backup will backup all files that are selected regardless of whether the archive bit is on or off and the archive bits will all be turned off. An incremental backup will backup all files that have the archive bit turned on and will then turn the archive bit off. 
  • Point to Point Tunneling Protocol (PPTP) works in conjunction with PPP.  PPTP encrypts the data that it passes across the Internet.  PPTP uses TCP/IP so it can use the Internet to transfer data.  PPTP requires special software on both the client and the server end.
  • A brouter works at both the Network and the Data Link layers of the OSI model as it performs the functions of both the bridge and the router.  A bridge works at the data link layer of the OSI model and filters traffic based on the MAC address.  A router works at the Network layer and filters traffic based on the IP address.
  • Point-to-Point Protocol (PPP) was designed to replace Serial Line Internet Protocol (SLIP).  SLIP was limited to using TCP/IP and only worked with a static IP address.  PPP supports NetBEUI, IPX and IP and can obtain its IP address from a DHCP server.

Back

QUICK PREPARATION FOR CCNA [Part IV]
 

  • IEEE standards defines:
    IEEE 802.2 is Logical Link Control
    IEEE 802.3 is Ethernet
    IEEE 802.4 is Token Bus
    IEEE 802.5 is Token Ring
  • An OSPF network has no limit on the number of hops that a network can span.  RIP is limited to 15 hops, anything greater is unreachable.
  • Supernetting takes multiple network ID's and masks them together to form a single logical network. Subnetting works the other way and takes one network and divides it into multiple subnetworks. Supernetting will actually decrease the number of routing entries as only one entry is needed for the several networks that were combined.
  • Using a subnet mask of 255.255.252.0 to supernet these class C addresses will give you a network ranging from 195.204.16.0 to 195.204.19.255.
  • RIP will broadcast its routing table every 30 seconds.
  • You use the command Router rip to specify the use of RIP.  Your interfaces will need to be configured with IP addresses before doing this.
  • The network command can be used from router configuration mode to assign the network.
  • More collisions will happen in a half-duplex Ethernet network because the cable is shared with traffic going in both directions.  Traffic can only travel in one direction at a time.
  • Full-duplex Ethernet has separate circuits for sending and receiving data.  You can send and receive data at the same time, effectively doubling bandwidth.
  • EXEC mode is the Cisco router mode will you be in upon first login.
  • trace is the command which is used to view network path between two nodes in the network.
  • ping can be used to test network connectivity.
  • erase startup-config is used to delete startup-config from NVRAM.
  • copy startup-config tftp command will copy the configuration in NVRAM to TFTP server.
  • no ip routing command will turn off ip routing on the router.
  • Range for standard ACL is 1 to 99.
  • Range for extended ACL is 100 to 199.
  • Range for IPX standard ACL is 800 to 899.
  • Range for IPX extended ACL is 900 to 999.
  • no clock rate command will be used to disable clocking of DCE.

Back

QUICK PREPARATION FOR CCNA [Part V]
 

  • no network command is used to remove a network from RIP advertisements.
  • show access-lists command will be used to see all access-lists running on the router.
  • show ip access-lists command will be used to see all ip access-lists running on the router.
  • ip host HostAl 192.52.10.10 will be used to specify Host HostAl to have ip address 192.52.10.10.
  • show ip protocols displays routing protocols while show protocols displays routed protocols.
  • show version will give you the view of configuration register.
  • show ip interface serial 0 command will be used to view access list applied to serial 0 interface.
  • S is the code which is used in the output of show ip route to indicate statically connected routes.
  • no ip domain-lookup command will be used to shutdown dns lookup.

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Tip # 1
CHANGE THE NAME OF RECYCLE BIN
You can change the name of Recycle Bin of your system if you wish. It is very easy and interesting but it require some changes in windows registry,  

  • First click on Start button > click on Run option.
  • Type here regedit.exe and press enter then you will find there regedit editor.
  • In regedit editor you will open HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT folder, In this folder open the CLSID folder then open the {645FF040-5081-101B-9F08-00AA002F954E} folder >ShellFolder folder at last.
  • Here simply change the data value from "40 01 00 20" to "70 01 00 20".

Back

Tip # 2
PERMANENTLY DELETE FILES
Option 1: If you want to permanently delete files without moving them to Recycle bin, hold down the Shift key while pressing delete.
Option 2: If you don't want the recycle bin altogether, right-click the Recycle Bin and click on Properties. On the Global Tab, select Do not move files to the Recycle Bin.

Back

Tip # 3
RESTART ONLY WINDOWS

When restarting Windows, you don't always need to go through the BIOS initialization and POST. Instead of simple clicking on Restart form the Shut Down Windows dialog box, help down the Shift key as you click on OK. This will restart only Windows. This is particularly useful when you change some registry entries or a few system settings.

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Tip # 4
DUMMY ENTRIES IN ADD/REMOVE PROGRAM LIST
Sometimes, even after program are uninstalled, or due to the files being deleted instead of a uninstalled, the entry in the Add/Remove Programs list does not get deleted. To remove it form the list: 1. Start the Registry Editor. 2. Open HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows \CurrentVersion\Uninstall. 3. Delete the program entry here. You can also use TweakUI to do this.

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Tip # 5
IMPROVE REMOVABLE DISK DRIVE PERFORMANCE

Windows gives you the option to use write-behind caching to improve the performance of removable disk drivers. Open control Panel > System > Performance and click on File System. Check the Enable write-behind caching on all removable disk drives check box under the removable Disk tab and click OK

Note: If this result in a problem with disk operations, uncheck the Enable write-behind caching on all removable disk drives check box.

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Tip # 6
STOP AUTOMATIC DIALING

Many Internet applications or software are often set to automatically dialup and connect. To setup automatic dialing, open Control Panel > Internet Options. Under the Connections tab, enable Never dial a connection.

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Pray to Allah

Aey Allah, main ne apni jan per bohat zulm kya aur tere siwa koe gunahoun ko nahe bakhsh sakta pus mujey apni khas maghfirat se bakhsh dey aur muj per reham ker, yaqinan tu hi bakhshne wala behad reham karne wala hey...Ameen
(Bukhari 834, Muslim 2705)

Rasool Allah (SAW) ne farmaya, jo shakhs yaqeen ki halat main esey sham ke waqt parh ley aur usi raat fote ho jaye wo janat main dakhal ho ga, esi tarah jo subh ke waqt parhey aur sham tak fote ho jayeto wo janat main dakhal ho ga.
"Aey Allah, tu hi mera rab hey, tere elawa koe ebadat ke laiq nahe, tu ne mujey paida kya aur main tera banda hun aur main tere aiyhad aur waadey per qayam hun, jis qadar taqat rakhta hun, main ne jo kuch kya es ki shar se teri panah chahta hun, apne ap per teri naimat ka iqrar karta hun aur apne gunah ka aiytaraf karta hun, pus mujey bakhsh dey kiyun ke tere siwa koe gunahoun ko nahe bakhsh sakta". Ameen
[Bukhari 6306]

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